KMID : 0614620130620060317
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Korean Journal of Gastroenterology 2013 Volume.62 No. 6 p.317 ~ p.326
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Role of Long Non-coding Ribonucleic Acid in Gastrointestinal Cancer
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Park Chan-Hyuk
Lee Sang-Kil
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Abstract
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With the improvement of high-throughput genomic technology such as microarray and next-generation sequencing over the last ten to twenty year, we have come to know that the portion of the genome responsible for protein coding constitutes just approximately 1.5%. The remaining 98.5% of the genome not responsible for protein coding have been regarded as ¡®junkDNA¡¯. More recently, however, ¡®Encyclopedia of DNA elements project¡¯ revealed that most of the junk DNA were transcribed to RNA regardless of being translated into proteins. In addition, many reports support that a lot of these non-coding RNAs play a role in gene regulation. In fact, there are various functioning short non-coding RNAs including rRNA, tRNA, small interfering RNA, and micro RNA. Mechanisms of these RNAs are relatively well-known. Until recently, however, little is known about long non-coding RNAs which consist of 200 nucleotides or more. In this article, we will review the representative long non-coding RNAs which have been reported to be related to gastrointestinal cancers and to play a certain role in its pathogenesis. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2013;62:317-326)
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KEYWORD
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Long non-coding ribonucleic acid, Gastrointestinal neoplasms
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